The Loe Bar in Cornwall is a shingle and flint financial institution that separates the ocean from Loe Pool, presenting an uncommon set of challenges in each flood danger administration and environmental safety. Within the following article, Rob Rhyder from measurement know-how and information administration agency Nivus makes an attempt to elucidate how a bespoke monitoring resolution was developed for the Setting Company (EA) to satisfy the particular necessities of this distinctive location.
Located inside an Space of Excellent Pure Magnificence (AONB) in Cornwall, Loe Pool is fed by the river Cober and various smaller streams. Each the pool and the bar are designated a Web site of Particular Scientific Curiosity (SSSI) as a result of their distinctive wildlife and habitat.
As essentially the most southerly city on the island of Nice Britain, Helston sits on the banks of the River Cober, upstream of Loe Pool, and has skilled vital flooding up to now. Loe Pool is Cornwall’s largest pure freshwater lake, protected by Loe Bar which is roughly half a mile in size. Nevertheless, the bar is geographically distant and uncovered to the ferocity of the Atlantic Ocean, so environmental monitoring gear wants to have the ability to function in harsh situations, with out mains energy, and with restricted communications connectivity.
Traditionally, Helston’s flood danger resulted from backing up within the Loe Pool and the River Cober, so alleviation measures primarily included the emergency creation of a reduction channel within the bar. Nevertheless, this was clearly a hazardous operation, so within the Nineteen Eighties and engineered outflow was created within the type of a concrete pipe, put in to function as an overflow for the pool. The pipe allowed extra water to empty from the pool via the bar, however was overwhelmed by river flows throughout excessive move occasions. This necessitated costly and invasive over-pumping operations that additionally had a big lead-in time to convey all of the gear to such a distant web site. As well as, on account of excessive tides and excessive climate, the outfall of the pipe was largely blocked by sand and shingle, which needed to be eliminated in periods of flood danger. This course of was inefficient, pricey and time-consuming, so a second engineered outfall was developed.
Engineered outflow resolution
The second, extra superior outflow was inbuilt 2020 to largely remove the requirement for over-pumping. The extra capability supplied by the second pipe meant that the pool drains by gravity somewhat than pricey and carbon-intensive pumping operations. “The brand new outflow featured penstocks, pumps, move displays and distant communications, and was developed to offer various vital benefits,” says Will Hancock, Challenge Lead on the EA.
Degree and move displays had been put in within the River Cober, the Loe Pool and within the new outfall pipe. “This supplied us with the power to observe the positioning remotely,” Will explains, “which meant that much less web site visits had been mandatory, reducing mission prices and carbon footprint, and enabling us to answer flood danger in a sooner and extra well timed method.”
The brand new monitoring system was designed to detect the extreme accumulation of water within the pool, in order that the second outflow might be carried out when mandatory. Beneath such circumstances, an excavator is used to reveal and open the outfall cowl earlier than the sluice gate is opened and the pumps are allowed to take away water from the pool, for discharge to the seashore. During the last 5 years, the second outfall has been opened on two events.
New move monitoring know-how
Previous to the set up of the brand new monitoring system from Nivus, move was measured in Helston and within the discharge pipes with a conventional Doppler move meter, and the failure of one in every of these items supplied the EA with a chance to evaluation and improve the displays.
Explaining the analysis course of, Will Hancock says: “These measurement devices carry out a critically vital perform. Not solely do they assist handle the Loe Pool to decrease flood danger, additionally they feed information into our flood forecasting mannequin, so it was important that we utilise correct, dependable instrumentation.
The EA has intensive expertise with move measurement applied sciences, together with the cross-correlation technique from Nivus, so it was decided that this could be the suitable resolution for the discharge pipes and the river monitor. The important thing benefit to this space velocity move measurement method over the devices which it changed is that it supplies a three-dimensional move profile that’s calculated in real-time to offer reproducible and verifiable move values in full or partially stuffed channels or pipes. Older Doppler strategies are much less correct as a result of they solely measure 2-dimensional move.
The tactic utilises particles, minerals or gasoline bubbles which act as reflectors throughout the water physique. Reflections are saved as pictures or echo patterns, and in contrast with an extra scan which is carried out a couple of milliseconds later. Velocity is set by measuring the beam angle of the positions of unambiguously identifiable reflectors. The tactic produces extremely correct readings with out the necessity for added calibration.
Explaining the background to the choice to spend money on a cross-correlation resolution, Will says: “The Nivus gear has been assessed by the EA, and we now run each mounted and transportable variations of the know-how. Nivus can be a Framework Accomplice, so the process for implementing this resolution was comparatively easy, regardless of the particular challenges that this web site offered.”
Uniquely difficult setting at Loe Bar
As a distant location Loe Bar doesn’t profit from quick access to utilities, so it was mandatory for the monitoring resolution to have the ability to function off-grid; photo voltaic/battery energy was due to this fact adopted. The answer additionally wanted to be sufficiently rugged to be unaffected by its proximity to the seashore. “Nivus proposed an entire low-power resolution, which calculated the ability necessities and specified the photo voltaic era capability that will be mandatory to make sure steady monitoring in all weathers,” Will explains. “The photo voltaic panels had been fitted at an angle to the ocean, which was much less best for energy era, however essential to keep away from potential harm from sand-blasting.”
Particular low-power variations of the Nivus gear had been additionally deployed. For instance, a Nivus NF750 transmitter employs low-power electronics, and consumption is minimised by setting the monitor to sleep, then get up after quarter-hour to take a measurement, after which return to sleep mode.
For redundancy functions, two Nivus CS2 bed-mounted, cross-correlation sensors had been fitted in every of the discharge pipes, and the identical dual-sensor redundancy preparations had been established within the river move monitor at Helston, albeit in a cross-channel configuration.
The EA’s customary distant communication gear was put in inside a kiosk together with the transmitter, a multiplexer, rechargeable batteries and a solar energy regulator.
Entry to the monitoring web site can be restricted. The closest that EA autos can entry is 200m away, so any web site visits would necessitate guide portability for any mandatory gear. Entry to the monitoring places throughout the pipes can be probably hazardous – necessitating respiration equipment and different PPE. Thankfully, due to this fact, the newly put in monitoring system doesn’t require common service or calibration.
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Nivus put in the brand new monitoring system in March 2025, and Will says: “The efficiency to-date has been good – there have been no outages and there have been no necessities for a web site go to. We carried out guide checks on the displays utilizing a transportable NivuFlow Stick and they’re monitoring very precisely, representing a big enchancment on their predecessors. Additionally it is comforting to know that now we have the redundancy measures in place,” he provides.
Trying ahead, Will says: “Given the significance of the Loe Bar as an ecological asset, and of flood administration in Helston, we’re delighted with the efficiency of the monitoring system, and will likely be making use of for the Loe Pool and Bar to be recognised as a ‘Strategically Essential Asset’.
“On the EA, we’re accustomed to managing distant websites, however Loe Bar might be one in every of our most difficult places, so it has been gratifying to have the ability to set up a sturdy, dependable, and off-grid resolution to satisfy the dual objectives of environmental safety and flood danger discount.”
