Airprox 2024294 – What Really Occurred? – sUAS Information

On the night time of 22 November 2024 at 21:51 UTC, a Nationwide Police Air Service (NPAS) EC135 helicopter working close to RAF Lakenheath reported a number of “drones” manoeuvring round it. In actuality, the objects have been USAF F15 fighters engaged in authorised night time coaching in Class G airspace (floor–FL150), coordinated by Lakenheath Strategy (“Overlord”).

Abstract of Key Details:

• Closest Level of Strategy (CPA): 1 NM horizontal / 1900 ft vertical separation (recorded).
• ATC Providers:
  • EC135 – Primary Service (no site visitors info assured).
  • F-15s – Visitors Service (acquired details about the EC135).
• Misidentification Components:
  • EC135’s TCAS did not show the F-15s.
  • F-15 lighting did not resemble commonplace civil plane lighting.
  • The crew believed the lights have been drones on account of their obvious behaviour and lack of TCAS affirmation.

The UK Airprox Board (UKAB) concluded that there was no danger of collision (Danger Class E) and attributed the report back to misidentification and situational consciousness breakdown quite than unsafe flying.

Why This Issues to Drone Operators

1. Misidentification Danger

Even skilled police aircrew utilizing EO/IR cameras mistook army jets for drones. This exhibits how simply drone operators might be blamed for aerial occasions they weren’t concerned in.

2. Digital Conspicuity Limitations

The EC135’s TCAS didn’t detect the F-15s regardless of them squawking Modes A and C. This highlights the continuing limitations of EC methods in complicated or mixed-use airspace, notably at night time.

3. ATC Service Ranges – Know the Distinction

Below a Primary Service, ATC is not required to offer site visitors info. Drone operators ought to think about requesting a Visitors Service or Deconfliction Service for BVLOS, city, or delicate operations.

Public Notion: A Persistent Problem

• “Drone blame” is the default: Unidentified lights within the sky are sometimes assumed to be drones, fuelling public concern and regulatory overreaction.
• Poor understanding of airspace guidelines: The general public usually assumes ATC sees and controls all the things — which is unfaithful in Class G.
• Coordination gaps: The police helicopter tasking was not pre-notified to the USAF. This exhibits the necessity for higher operational coordination.

Danger Evaluation for UK Drone Operations

Potential Situations and Danger Ranges:

• Misidentification by different plane:
  • Chance: Medium
  • Severity: Low to Medium
  • Danger Degree: Average total, however Excessive reputationally
• No site visitors information below Primary Service:
  • Chance: Medium
  • Severity: Medium
  • Danger Degree: Average
• Public/media backlash from perceived near-miss:
  • Chance: Excessive
  • Severity: Excessive
  • Danger Degree: Excessive (particularly for business operators)

Key Mitigations for Drone Operators:

• Use twin EC methods (ADS-B OUT and ground-based detect-and-avoid).
• Keep a telemetry and flight log archive for each operation.
• Pre-notify army ATC when working close to MOD airspace.
• File CANPs, NOTAMs, or Momentary Hazard Areas when relevant.
• Prepare pilots to request an improve to Visitors Service the place required.

Authorized and Regulatory Observations

• SERA.3205 and ANO Article 239 set the usual for proximity legal responsibility. Maintain compliance well-documented.
• Anticipate rising strain for necessary digital conspicuity, with incidents like this cited in coverage.
• If blamed in media or police statements with out proof, drone operators could have grounds for defamation or financial loss claims. Get authorized recommendation promptly.

Remaining Ideas

This wasn’t a drone incident — however it may have been perceived as one.

The lesson? Management the narrative by controlling the information.
File all the things. Safe it. Share it when needed. With the proper proof, drone operators can defend themselves from false blame and assist enhance UK airspace security.

In regards to the Creator

Richard Ryan is a UK barrister and aviation lawyer specialising in drone regulation, UAS integration, and counter-drone legislation. A Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, he advises police forces, authorities our bodies, and business operators on airspace compliance and rising UTM frameworks. He’s additionally finishing a PhD on airspace integration and unmanned site visitors administration at Cranfield College.